Global South Leadership & India’s Strategic Role
Page 1 – Concept & Global Context

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1️⃣ Understanding the Global South

The term “Global South” broadly refers to developing and emerging economies across Asia, Africa, Latin America, and parts of Oceania. These nations share common concerns such as development challenges, climate vulnerability, debt stress, and unequal global representation.

The Global South seeks greater voice in global governance institutions and a more equitable international economic order.

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2️⃣ Changing Global Power Dynamics

The world is gradually transitioning from a unipolar to a multipolar order. Emerging economies are demanding reforms in global institutions such as the UN, IMF, and World Bank.

• Demand for equitable representation
• Focus on development finance
• Climate justice concerns
• Supply chain diversification

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3️⃣ Why India Matters?

India occupies a unique position:

• Largest democracy in the Global South
• Fast-growing major economy
• Bridge between developed and developing worlds
• Advocate of strategic autonomy

India’s diplomatic initiatives increasingly emphasize inclusive growth and collective development.

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4️⃣ Key Themes in India’s Global South Engagement

• Development Partnerships
• Digital Public Infrastructure sharing
• Climate finance advocacy
• South-South Cooperation

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🎯 Exam Relevance:
GS Paper 2 – International Relations
Essay – Multipolar World & Global Governance Reform

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📘 Shaktimatha Learning – English Special Topic Series 2026