Space Technology & Defence – Complete Notes (Page 1)
Shaktimatha Learning – Special Topic Notes
1. Space Technology – Overview
Space technology refers to the use of satellites, rockets, and space systems for communication, navigation, weather forecasting, and scientific research.
- Communication (TV, Internet, Mobile networks)
- Weather forecasting and disaster warning
- Navigation systems
- Earth observation and research
2. ISRO (Indian Space Research Organisation)
ISRO is India's national space agency responsible for developing satellites and launching space missions.
- Headquarters: Bengaluru
- Focus: Satellite development and space missions
- Supports communication, defence, and research
Important Missions:
- Chandrayaan-3 – Moon landing mission
- Aditya-L1 – Sun observation mission
- Gaganyaan – Human spaceflight mission
Launch Vehicles:
- PSLV – Used for light satellites
- GSLV – Used for heavy satellites
3. Satellites
Satellites are objects placed in orbit around Earth to perform specific functions.
Types of Satellites:
- Communication satellites – TV, Internet
- Weather satellites – Cyclone tracking, rainfall prediction
- Navigation satellites – GPS, NavIC
- Remote sensing satellites – Earth observation
Types of Orbits:
- GEO (Geostationary Orbit) – Fixed position relative to Earth
- LEO (Low Earth Orbit) – Close to Earth, faster movement
4. Remote Sensing
Remote sensing is the process of collecting information about Earth without direct contact using satellites.
- Agriculture monitoring
- Disaster management
- Urban planning
- Environmental analysis
5. Navigation Systems
Navigation systems help determine location and movement using satellites.
- GPS – Global system developed by USA
- NavIC – India’s regional navigation system
Used in transportation, defence, mobile applications, and mapping.
Next Page:
Page 2 – Defence Systems & Missiles
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